Project: Nebo House
Architects: Fuller/Overby Architecture
Location: McDowell County, West Virginia, United States
Area: 26,909 sf
Year: 2022
Photographs by: Paul Warchol
Nebo House by Fuller/Overby Architecture
Nebo House, designed by Fuller/Overby Architecture in the United States, is a stunning residence nestled in the foothills of the Appalachian range. The house is strategically situated to offer breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains and lake. The design features a series of eight volumes that house different components of the domestic program, creating a layered and dynamic composition.
The main floor of the house is embedded into the hillside, with southern-facing clerestory windows allowing natural light to filter in. The earth surrounding the sunken spaces provides thermal mass, reducing the need for excessive heating and cooling. Energy-efficient features, such as operable windows, a heat pump system, insulation, and LED lighting, significantly reduce the energy consumption of the residence.
The house is conceived as a layered, volumetric foreground to distant mountain formations splayed across the landscape. Set within the foothills of the Appalachian range, the site is long and narrow with a dramatic slope down to a lake. Two retaining walls are cut diagonally across the plot, forming a duo of earthwork courts carved out from the steep slope. A cluster of eight volumes, each loosely housing a component of the domestic program, is set along the retaining spine of the lower court, framing the lake and mountains beyond.
The main floor of the house is embedded into the hillside with views oriented outward to the lake—southern light filters in from clerestory windows above. The sunken day-to-day spaces are surrounded by earth on three sides, allowing thermal mass to replace a significant portion of the typically required heating and cooling load. Strategically placed operable windows for natural airflow and a heat pump mechanical system are accompanied by high-performance glazing, insulation, appliances, and LED lighting to reduce the client’s energy usage by half as compared to their previous local residence.
Designed as the permanent home for a retired couple with family nearby, the spaces are scaled to be intimate for a duo while also providing for occasional gatherings and larger celebrations. All daily programs exist on the lower floor with a central courtyard, conceived as an outdoor room, which splits the primary program into two wings. To the East of the courtyard are social areas and to the West is a private sleeping and bathing suite—Day and Night.
A hall that acts as a mechanical and structural spine along the rear retaining wall connects the private and public spaces. The larger, public zones of the interior radiate outward from the courtyard and gradually break up into more intimate niches around the periphery that provide semi-private moments within the open living areas. A sculpted cantilever staircase slices upward to the entry and guest rooms above, forming a continuous three-dimensional void capped by a skylight at its peak.
Above grade, the house appears as a cluster of small pavilions along the hillside. Each pavilion is shaped to frame views of the external landscape and amplify the shifting tones of natural light within. The forms of the roof send water to internal gutters which terminate in large tapered scuppers marking the joints between each volume.
The dark charred cypress cladding reinforces the massing of the pavilions as opaque volumes set alongside the surrounding trees, while the patinaed zinc roof resonates with the gray-green of the lake. At thresholds and entry points, concave inflections lined with brushed, amber-hued cypress are carved out of the volumes. As the sun travels from the Day side of the house to the Nightside, its appearance shifts from a gathering of textured volumes to a flattened silhouette against the distant landscape.
